WETLANDS DEGRADATION AND ITS IMPACT ON MIGRATORY BIRD POPULATIONS IN SINDH

Abstract

Wetlands in Sindh, Pakistan, are critical habitats for a diverse array of migratory bird species, serving as key stopover and wintering sites along their migratory routes. However, these wetlands are increasingly threatened by degradation caused by urbanization, agricultural expansion, pollution, and climate change. This study investigates the impact of wetland degradation on migratory bird populations in Sindh, focusing on changes in species diversity, abundance, and migratory behaviors. Using a combination of field surveys, remote sensing techniques, and community- based observations, the research highlights the extent of wetland loss and its correlation with declining bird populations. The findings reveal significant disruptions to migration patterns and a notable decrease in species richness, emphasizing the critical role of wetlands in sustaining avian biodiversity. Furthermore, the study evaluates the effectiveness of conservation initiatives and offers recommendations for sustainable wetland management in Sindh. This research underscores the urgent need to prioritize wetland restoration and protection to safeguard migratory bird species and maintain the ecological balance in the region.